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3.1.1. Access Ports (Data and Voice)
Access ports belong to exactly one VLAN and are used to connect end devices.
Basic Access Port Configuration:
Switch(config)# vlan 10
Switch(config-vlan)# name HR
Switch(config-vlan)# exit
Switch(config)# interface GigabitEthernet0/1
Switch(config-if)# switchport mode access
Switch(config-if)# switchport access vlan 10
Voice VLAN (Data + Voice): IP phones need a dedicated VLAN for QoS. The port carries both data (access VLAN) and voice (voice VLAN) traffic.
Switch(config)# interface GigabitEthernet0/1
Switch(config-if)# switchport mode access
Switch(config-if)# switchport access vlan 10
Switch(config-if)# switchport voice vlan 20
This creates a mini-trunk that tags voice traffic with VLAN 20 while keeping data traffic in VLAN 10.